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Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://arks.princeton.edu/ark:/88435/dsp01wd375z613
Title: Mechanistic Investigations into Cytochrome c and Water-Soluble Porphyrin Model Systems
Authors: Kates, Patrick
Advisors: Groves, John T.
Contributors: Chemistry Department
Keywords: Cytochrome c
epoxidation
Formate
oleoyl coenzyme a
Peroxygenase
Porphyrin
Subjects: Chemistry
Biochemistry
Inorganic chemistry
Issue Date: 2015
Publisher: Princeton, NJ : Princeton University
Abstract: Heme-dependent enzymes represent a diverse class of proteins capable of mediating redox transformations. Due to their importance in the regulation of cell health, considerable research has been performed on both enzymatic systems and porphyrin model systems. This work investigates the mechanism of previously uncharacterized reactivity in both enzymatic and model systems. In chapter 2, we investigate the previously unidentified nature of the heme enzyme, cytochrome c (cyt c), as a peroxygenase. Using mass spectrometry (MS), we confirm previous reports of cyt c ability to transfer the acyl tail of fatty-acyl coenzyme A-moieties to primary amines. Additionally, we observe the incorporation of labeled 18O from H218O2 into unsaturated acyl tails. Using MS, NMR, and MS/MS, we demonstrate this oxygen incorporation results in a cis-epoxide product. Moreover, sulfenic acid traps are utilized to reveal an introductory sulfoxidation step activates the CoA-moiety for acyl transfer. Each of these oxidations represents a 2e- process in which oxygen is transferred from the peroxide into the product. The biological implications of this newfound peroxygenase activity are discussed. In chapter 3, we investigate the reactivity of Mn-substituted porphyrin model systems and compare their reactivity with the corresponding iron porphyrins. The current sequential two-proton oxidation model is compared to single-proton and inverted pKa models for water-soluble Mn porphyrins. Additionally, Eyring analysis is used to determine the thermodynamic activation parameters in C-H abstractions. These studies suggest that the metal-oxo pKa mediates the thermodynamic driving force of the reaction. Finally, in chapter 4, the oxidation of formate by water-soluble Mn porphyrins is studied. A combination of stopped-flow spectroscopy and electrochemistry is used to demonstrate that oxidation of formate proceeds rapidly in a pH-dependent manner (~101-106M-1s-1), far outpacing the current standard in metal-oxo catalysts. Deuterium kinetic isotope effects (KIE) and solvent KIE are used in combination with substrate analog studies to interrogate the mechanism of this reaction. This work results in the proposal of a decarboxylation-coupled hydride transfer pathway resulting in the 2e- reduction of MnV to MnIII.
URI: http://arks.princeton.edu/ark:/88435/dsp01wd375z613
Alternate format: The Mudd Manuscript Library retains one bound copy of each dissertation. Search for these copies in the library's main catalog
Type of Material: Academic dissertations (Ph.D.)
Language: en
Appears in Collections:Chemistry

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